The Rhythm of the Spheres

Reading the Night Sky

Wandering in Astronomy

The night sky is the oldest pattern of man, and every culture reads it differently. The stars above keep silent time, moving to a rhythm we are just now beginning to understand. Astronomy is where math, science, art, music, and words meet in a wondrous collision. In this section of our site, learn the basics of astronomy: from how a star chart is made, to projections and art that map the night sky, to how an astrolabe works just like it did thousands of years ago. Watch the North Star shift across centuries, explore how one sky has been mapped by many traditions, read what happened on this day in space, and see tonight’s moon for your location.

Map the Stars

The math behind star charts, with a projection explorer and a working astrolabe.

The Moving Sky

How the sky shifts across centuries, with a precession clock you can run.

The Traditions

One sky reads many ways, with a same-sky overlay of the world’s constellations.

This Day in the Stars

The sky’s events, discoveries, and lore tied to today’s date.

The Moon Tonight

Its phase and face, drawn live for where you’re standing.

โœฆ  Astronomy Picture of the Day  โœฆ

Curious Cometary Knots in the Helix Nebula

August 4, 2026
Credit: Image: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI; Image Processing: Alyssa Pagan (STScI)
See this entry on NASA's APOD โ†’
What causes unusual knots of gas and dust inย planetary nebulas? Seen also in theย Ring Nebula, theย Dumbbell Nebulaย andย NGC 2392, the knots' existence was not initially predicted, and their origins are stillย not well understood. Picturedย hereย is a fascinating image ofย partย of theย Helix Nebulaย by theย James Webb Space Telescopeย showing tremendous detail inย infrared light. The cometary knots have masses similar to theย Earthย but have sizes typically several times the orbit of Pluto.ย One hypothesisย for the fragmentation and evolution of the knots includes existing gas beingย driven outย by a less dense but highly energeticย stellar windย of the central evolving star. Theย Helix Nebulaย is one of the closest examples of aย planetary nebulaย created at the end of theย life of a Sun-like star. Given a technical designation of NGC 7293, theย Helix Nebulaย lies about 650ย light-years away towards the constellation of Water Carrier (Aquarius).

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โœฆ  EarthSky  ยท  Astronomy.com  ยท  Phys.org  โœฆ
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